Tax Calculator
form 16..
due drawn statement..
copy and paste the following link..
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0Bzw9iv8-LNPxQkdNUEt3YVJrdUU
Monday, April 18, 2016
Income Tax Calculator
form 16..
due drawn statement..
copy and paste the following link..
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0Bzw9iv8-LNPxQkdNUEt3YVJrdUU
Tuesday, April 21, 2015
How the First Earth Day Came About
What was the purpose of Earth Day? How did it start? These are the questions I am most frequently asked.
Actually, the idea for Earth Day evolved over a period of seven years starting in 1962. For several years, it had been troubling me that the state of our environment was simply a non-issue in the politics of the country. Finally, in November 1962, an idea occurred to me that was, I thought, a virtual cinch to put the environment into the political "limelight" once and for all. The idea was to persuade President Kennedy to give visibility to this issue by going on a national conservation tour. I flew to Washington to discuss the proposal with Attorney General Robert Kennedy, who liked the idea. So did the President. The President began his five-day, eleven-state conservation tour in September 1963. For many reasons the tour did not succeed in putting the issue onto the national political agenda. However, it was the germ of the idea that ultimately flowered into Earth Day.
I continued to speak on environmental issues to a variety of audiences in some twenty-five states. All across the country, evidence of environmental degradation was appearing everywhere, and everyone noticed except the political establishment. The environmental issue simply was not to be found on the nation's political agenda. The people were concerned, but the politicians were not.
After President Kennedy's tour, I still hoped for some idea that would thrust the environment into the political mainstream. Six years would pass before the idea that became Earth Day occurred to me while on a conservation speaking tour out West in the summer of 1969. At the time, anti-Vietnam War demonstrations, called "teach-ins," had spread to college campuses all across the nation. Suddenly, the idea occurred to me - why not organize a huge grassroots protest over what was happening to our environment?
I was satisfied that if we could tap into the environmental concerns of the general public and infuse the student anti-war energy into the environmental cause, we could generate a demonstration that would force this issue onto the political agenda. It was a big gamble, but worth a try.
At a conference in Seattle in September 1969, I announced that in the spring of 1970 there would be a nationwide grassroots demonstration on behalf of the environment and invited everyone to participate. The wire services carried the story from coast to coast. The response was electric. It took off like gangbusters. Telegrams, letters, and telephone inquiries poured in from all across the country. The American people finally had a forum to express its concern about what was happening to the land, rivers, lakes, and air - and they did so with spectacular exuberance. For the next four months, two members of my Senate staff, Linda Billings and John Heritage, managed Earth Day affairs out of my Senate office.
Five months before Earth Day, on Sunday, November 30, 1969, The New York Times carried a lengthy article by Gladwin Hill reporting on the astonishing proliferation of environmental events:
"Rising concern about the environmental crisis is sweeping the nation's campuses with an intensity that may be on its way to eclipsing student discontent over the war in Vietnam...a national day of observance of environmental problems...is being planned for next spring...when a nationwide environmental 'teach-in'...coordinated from the office of Senator Gaylord Nelson is planned...."
It was obvious that we were headed for a spectacular success on Earth Day. It was also obvious that grassroots activities had ballooned beyond the capacity of my U.S. Senate office staff to keep up with the telephone calls, paper work, inquiries, etc. In mid-January, three months before Earth Day, John Gardner, Founder of Common Cause, provided temporary space for a Washington, D.C. headquarters. I staffed the office with college students and selected Denis Hayes as coordinator of activities.
Earth Day worked because of the spontaneous response at the grassroots level. We had neither the time nor resources to organize 20 million demonstrators and the thousands of schools and local communities that participated. That was the remarkable thing about Earth Day. It organized itself
Actually, the idea for Earth Day evolved over a period of seven years starting in 1962. For several years, it had been troubling me that the state of our environment was simply a non-issue in the politics of the country. Finally, in November 1962, an idea occurred to me that was, I thought, a virtual cinch to put the environment into the political "limelight" once and for all. The idea was to persuade President Kennedy to give visibility to this issue by going on a national conservation tour. I flew to Washington to discuss the proposal with Attorney General Robert Kennedy, who liked the idea. So did the President. The President began his five-day, eleven-state conservation tour in September 1963. For many reasons the tour did not succeed in putting the issue onto the national political agenda. However, it was the germ of the idea that ultimately flowered into Earth Day.
I continued to speak on environmental issues to a variety of audiences in some twenty-five states. All across the country, evidence of environmental degradation was appearing everywhere, and everyone noticed except the political establishment. The environmental issue simply was not to be found on the nation's political agenda. The people were concerned, but the politicians were not.
After President Kennedy's tour, I still hoped for some idea that would thrust the environment into the political mainstream. Six years would pass before the idea that became Earth Day occurred to me while on a conservation speaking tour out West in the summer of 1969. At the time, anti-Vietnam War demonstrations, called "teach-ins," had spread to college campuses all across the nation. Suddenly, the idea occurred to me - why not organize a huge grassroots protest over what was happening to our environment?
I was satisfied that if we could tap into the environmental concerns of the general public and infuse the student anti-war energy into the environmental cause, we could generate a demonstration that would force this issue onto the political agenda. It was a big gamble, but worth a try.
At a conference in Seattle in September 1969, I announced that in the spring of 1970 there would be a nationwide grassroots demonstration on behalf of the environment and invited everyone to participate. The wire services carried the story from coast to coast. The response was electric. It took off like gangbusters. Telegrams, letters, and telephone inquiries poured in from all across the country. The American people finally had a forum to express its concern about what was happening to the land, rivers, lakes, and air - and they did so with spectacular exuberance. For the next four months, two members of my Senate staff, Linda Billings and John Heritage, managed Earth Day affairs out of my Senate office.
Five months before Earth Day, on Sunday, November 30, 1969, The New York Times carried a lengthy article by Gladwin Hill reporting on the astonishing proliferation of environmental events:
"Rising concern about the environmental crisis is sweeping the nation's campuses with an intensity that may be on its way to eclipsing student discontent over the war in Vietnam...a national day of observance of environmental problems...is being planned for next spring...when a nationwide environmental 'teach-in'...coordinated from the office of Senator Gaylord Nelson is planned...."
It was obvious that we were headed for a spectacular success on Earth Day. It was also obvious that grassroots activities had ballooned beyond the capacity of my U.S. Senate office staff to keep up with the telephone calls, paper work, inquiries, etc. In mid-January, three months before Earth Day, John Gardner, Founder of Common Cause, provided temporary space for a Washington, D.C. headquarters. I staffed the office with college students and selected Denis Hayes as coordinator of activities.
Earth Day worked because of the spontaneous response at the grassroots level. We had neither the time nor resources to organize 20 million demonstrators and the thousands of schools and local communities that participated. That was the remarkable thing about Earth Day. It organized itself
Saturday, August 6, 2011
hiroshima day
As we in the time of the 66th Anniversary of the bombing of Hiroshima, August 6 1945 and the bombing a few days later of Nagasaki a grim kind of similarity is evident in Japan today.
The Fukushima nuclear reactor hit by a tsunami after one of the biggest earthquakes on record is still some 4 months later suffering meltdown and spewing out radiation many times the accepted limit. The Government and the electricity company has ordered residents to abandon a bigger and bigger area till at present the area there is a 30 km exclusion zone known as the ‘zone of alienation’. Radiation has leaked into the sea and ships are advised to avoid the area by 30 kms but many shipping lines are unsatisfied by that and are sailing some as much as 140 kms around the area.Tuesday, June 21, 2011
Summer Solstice - the longest day in northern hemisphere.
June 20-21 is a very important day for our planet and its relationship with the sun. June 20-21 is one of two solstices, days when the rays of the sun directly strike one of the two tropical latitude lines. June 21 marks the beginning of summer in the northern hemisphere and simultaneously heralds the beginning of winter in the southern hemisphere. In 2010, the solstice occurs and summer begins in the Northern Hemisphere summer begins early on June 21, at 7:28 a.m. EDT (11:28 UTC).
The earth spins around its axis, an imaginary line going right through the planet between the north and south poles. The axis is tilted somewhat off the plane of the earth's revolution around the sun. The tilt of the axis is 23.5 degrees; thanks to this tilt, we enjoy the four seasons. For several months of the year, one half of the earth receives more direct rays of the sun than the other half.
When the axis tilts towards the sun, as it does between June and September, it is summer in the northern hemisphere but winter in the southern hemisphere. Alternatively, when the axis points away from the sun from December to March, the southern hemisphere enjoys the direct rays of the sun during their summer months.
June 21 is called the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and simultaneously the winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere. Around December 21 the solstices are reversed and winter begins in the northern hemisphere.
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On June 21, there are 24 hours of daylight north of the Arctic Circle (66.5° north of the equator) and 24 hours of darkness south of the Antarctic Circle (66.5° south of the equator). The sun's rays are directly overhead along the Tropic of Cancer (the latitude line at 23.5° north, passing through Mexico, Saharan Africa, and India) on June 21.
Without the tilt of the earth's axis, we would have no seasons. The sun's rays would be directly overhead of the equator all year long. Only a slight change would occur as the earth makes its slightly elliptical orbit around the sun. The earth is furthest from the sun about July 3; this point is known as the aphelion and the earth is 94,555,000 miles (152172089 km)away from the sun. The perihelion takes place about January 4 when the earth is a mere 91,445,000 miles (147167010 km)from the sun.
When summer occurs in a hemisphere, it is due to that hemisphere receiving more direct rays of the sun than the opposite hemisphere where it is winter. In winter, the sun's energy hits the earth at oblique angles and is thus less concentrated.
During spring and fall, the earth's axis is pointing sideways so both hemispheres have moderate weather and the rays of the sun are directly overhead the equator. Between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° latitude south) there really are no seasons as the sun is never very low in the sky so it stays warm and humid ("tropical") year-round. Only those people in the upper latitudes north and south of the tropics experience seasons.
The earth spins around its axis, an imaginary line going right through the planet between the north and south poles. The axis is tilted somewhat off the plane of the earth's revolution around the sun. The tilt of the axis is 23.5 degrees; thanks to this tilt, we enjoy the four seasons. For several months of the year, one half of the earth receives more direct rays of the sun than the other half.
When the axis tilts towards the sun, as it does between June and September, it is summer in the northern hemisphere but winter in the southern hemisphere. Alternatively, when the axis points away from the sun from December to March, the southern hemisphere enjoys the direct rays of the sun during their summer months.
June 21 is called the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and simultaneously the winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere. Around December 21 the solstices are reversed and winter begins in the northern hemisphere.
Without the tilt of the earth's axis, we would have no seasons. The sun's rays would be directly overhead of the equator all year long. Only a slight change would occur as the earth makes its slightly elliptical orbit around the sun. The earth is furthest from the sun about July 3; this point is known as the aphelion and the earth is 94,555,000 miles (152172089 km)away from the sun. The perihelion takes place about January 4 when the earth is a mere 91,445,000 miles (147167010 km)from the sun.
When summer occurs in a hemisphere, it is due to that hemisphere receiving more direct rays of the sun than the opposite hemisphere where it is winter. In winter, the sun's energy hits the earth at oblique angles and is thus less concentrated.
During spring and fall, the earth's axis is pointing sideways so both hemispheres have moderate weather and the rays of the sun are directly overhead the equator. Between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° latitude south) there really are no seasons as the sun is never very low in the sky so it stays warm and humid ("tropical") year-round. Only those people in the upper latitudes north and south of the tropics experience seasons.
Friday, April 29, 2011
Endosulfan- A meeting under the Canopy (thick leaf cover of a tree)
A group of teachers go in hand with the common people............
they share their experience....
their expetations....
from Karapuzha, kottayam
they share their experience....
their expetations....
from Karapuzha, kottayam
Wednesday, April 27, 2011
Why Endosulfan should be banned in India?
There are a number of reasons to state Endosulfan should be banned globally. We are pointing out some of the reasons herewith.
1. There are more than 150 health studies published in the international medical journals. All these papers prove scientifically that Endosulfan causes serious health issues.
2. In Kerala, the use of Endosulfan caused the death of more than 500 persons and around 5000 victims are living with serious health issues. The latest epidemiological study (2011) conducted by the Govt. Medical College, Calicut, Kerala has revealed the long term health issues caused due to Endosulfan.
Major conclusion of the study • The reproductive health events including infertility, precocious puberty, abortion, intra uterine death (IUD)/ still birth, neonatal/ child death were found significantly higher in study population when compared to control population.
• Among the youth population (below the age of 40-) the rate of surgery for any heart diseases , hernia and genito urinary causes were higher in area study group than control group.
• When the prevalence of morbidity in adolescents were assessed it was found that any organ anomaly , birth defects, congenital heart disease, seizure, skin problems and reproductive disorders were significantly higher in study group when compared to control groups.
3. The United Nations 6th POP Review Committee (2010) recommended the Global phase out of Endosulfan, by considering its long range environmental transport and significant adverse human health and environmental effects. UNEP also declared it as a Persistent Organic Pollutant. Endosulfan will travel a long distance through the water and pollutes the environment, where ever it reaches. The continuous use in any single country will affect the whole world and its environment badly.
4. The previous experiences of banning dangerous pesticides have proved that such ban would not affect agricultural production in any way. It would only trigger the use of alternatives. BHC, a pesticide similar to Endosulfan was banned in 1996, without consulting with any states. At that time, the consumption of BHC was 40% of the total pesticide use. The then counter arguments were the same like broad spectrum used, cheap pesticide, no alternative, no scientific proof for health issues etc. But BHC was easily replaced by less harmful alternatives.
5. 81 countries have either banned or declared phase out of Endosulfan. 12 countries haven’t even used it. All the nations those who banned it have done this based on the expert opinion and scientific papers.
6. There is alternative for every single recommended use of Endosulfan in India. In Andhra Pradesh, Non-pesticides management program has been running over 2.3 million acres of land. More than 3000 villages are cultivating crops without any pesticide.
7. Field guide hand book published by PAN, an international environmental organization says “How to grow crops without Endosulfan”.
8. By considering a lot of long term scientific studies including NIOH study, the National Human Rights Commission has recommended for a complete Ban on Endosulfan within the country (2011) and to join the global phase out in the 5th conference of parties of the Stockholm Convention.
9. The famous scientists including Dr.M.S.Swaminathan (advisory Board member of UPA Govt.) have already advised to ban Endosulfan.
10. India had always kept its head high in Stockholm conventions, by declaring its bold stand to protect the environment. Any deviation from such stand will badly affect the reputation of the country among the international community.
Based on the merit of these facts, scientific papers and decisions, we humbly request the Nation to ban Endosulfan at the earliest. We also request to support the Global Ban on Endosulfan in the 5th conference of parties of the Stockholm convention.
Friday, April 22, 2011
Geo-Literacy
What is Geo-Literacy?
Geo-literacy is the ability to use geographic understanding and geographic reasoning to make decisions. Whether we are making decisions about where to live, what precautions to take for natural hazards, or how to set up a manufacturing supply chain, we are all called upon to make decisions that require geo-literacy throughout our lives.
Why is geo-literacy important?
Geo-literacy enables people to steer away from choices that will be costly for themselves and others. For example, individuals and communities bear costs every time a poorly-located business fails, homes and crops are damaged by flooding, and drivers get stuck in snarled traffic. We pay even larger costs for geo-illiteracy in the form of job loss in a competitive global economy and loss of life from natural hazards and military conflict.
What can we do to advance geo-literacy?
Geo-literacy education should be a priority in schools, communities, and homes. In schools, geo-literacy is taught in both social studies and science. In Earth science, environmental science, and ecology. In history, civics, economics, and geography. None of these subjects receives the attention it deserves in today’s schools, and the teaching in these subjects does not focus sufficiently on preparing students for 21st century decisions. To advance geo-literacy, we need to re-prioritize what we teach, and change how we teach it. We also need to cultivate geo-literacy in our homes and in out-of-school settings.
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